E-invoices in Latvia
An e-invoice is a structured electronic document created and processed in a machine-readable format. One of the most commonly used e-invoice formats is XML (Extensible Markup Language). In this format, the content of the e-invoice is described in a way that allows IT systems to process it automatically. For non-IT specialists, this is best understood by analogy to a bank statement. A bank statement obtained via online banking is, in its form, the same as an e-invoice. It is also created in XML format, only a different standard is used to describe its content.
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There remains a common misconception among both accountants and business managers that e-invoices include invoices prepared in PDF, Microsoft Word, or Excel formats, or invoice images in PNG or JPEG files. Although these invoices are prepared electronically and are electronic documents, they do not contain structured data and are not machine-readable; therefore, they are not e-invoices.
European Union Directive 2014/55/EU mandates that central government authorities must be able to receive electronic invoices in public procurement. Consequently, Cabinet Regulation No. 154 of April 9, 2019, "Applicable Electronic Invoice Standard and Specification for the Use of Its Core Elements and Circulation Procedures," stipulates that “a contracting authority, a public service provider, as well as a public partner or its representative shall accept an invoice prepared and issued in electronic form that complies with the applicable electronic invoice standard.” Furthermore, the list of e-invoice syntaxes is defined as follows: “the applicable electronic invoice standard for the purposes of these regulations is the set of documents referenced in the Official Journal of the European Union, consisting of the European Union standard LVS EN 16931-1:2017 ‘Electronic invoicing – Part 1: Semantic data model of the core elements of an electronic invoice,’ adopted as a Latvian national standard, and the associated technical specification LVS CEN/TS 16931-2:2017 ‘Electronic invoicing – Part 2: List of syntaxes that comply with EN 16931-1.’”
Cabinet Regulation No. 585, "Regulations on Accounting and Organization," also references the e-invoice standard adopted in Latvia. Article 7.7 states: “When preparing an electronic invoice in accordance with the European Union standard LVS EN 16931-1:2017 ‘Electronic invoicing – Part 1: Semantic data model of the core elements of an electronic invoice,’ a company shall issue it in accordance with the ISO/IEC 19845 (UBL 2.1) syntax specified in the technical specification LVS CEN/TS 16931-2:2017 ‘Electronic invoicing – Part 2: List of syntaxes that comply with EN 16931-1.’”
Benefits
Reduced risk of errors
The recipient no longer needs to enter information manually, as the accounting system does this automatically, resulting in fewer rejected invoices.
Significant time savings at every stage, from dispatch to payment
Accounting software reads e-invoice data 100,000 times faster than the most efficient accountant.
Cost savings
Printing and mailing invoices is costly. Calculations show that sending e-invoices reduces expenses by 59%, while receiving and processing them reduces costs by 64%.
Improved cash flow
E-invoices can be delivered and processed much faster, and their payment can even be automated.
Social responsibility
Environmental impact is minimized by eliminating paper usage and reducing the need for physical transport.
Reduced risk of fraud
The electronic system automatically retrieves data from your business management software to verify that a transaction has occurred. You no longer need to spend time confirming that an invoice has reached the recipient, as the system automatically records data received from the bank upon payment. This provides immediate visibility into outstanding invoices and late payments.
More convenient payment control
As mentioned, paper documents often go missing or are submitted late, resulting in delayed payments. The faster and more convenient processing of e-invoices helps ensure payments are made on time and allows for timely analysis of accounts receivable.
More convenient debt analysis
By sending e-invoices, you can be confident that clients will process them more promptly and accurately. Since you receive feedback upon delivery, partners can no longer claim they did not receive an invoice to justify late payments.
Timeliness and reporting accuracy
Invoices and delivery notes sometimes arrive late or go missing entirely, leading to inaccuracies in financial and regulatory reports. E-invoices are delivered directly to the accounting department, ensuring they are processed and recorded on time.
Stress reduction
Accounting is a high-stress profession, often due to reporting deadlines, inaccuracies, and the need to communicate with the State Revenue Service to correct tax declarations. Timely receipt and accurate recording of e-invoices help reduce this stress.
Timely detection of errors or inaccuracies
An e-invoice is sent immediately upon preparation or on the same day, ensuring near-instant receipt and processing. This allows for quick verification of the information provided or prompt notification to the partner regarding any inaccuracies.
Reducing error risks and saving time
The recipient does not need to manually enter each invoice record; the accounting software does this automatically. Upon import, you only need to verify data that the system does not recognize, such as a new client not yet in the database or a new product. Automated processes reduce the risk of errors caused by oversight, typos, or other human factors.
Cost savings and social impact
Using e-invoices saves costs and natural resources, as there is no need to print documents.
Usage
How to send and receive e-invoices
E-invoices can be exchanged in several ways:
- using email: the e-invoice is sent to the partner at the email address specified in the contract;
- using an e-address: e-invoice exchange takes place via an official e-address account;
- using dedicated data exchange channels that facilitate e-invoice processing.
When using email, remember to enable read receipts to ensure you receive confirmation that your business partner has received and viewed the invoice. The exchange process is accelerated if your accounting software supports automatic email delivery of e-invoices.
Using an e-address or other data exchange channels makes processing e-invoices in accounting software much more convenient, as documents are sent and received directly from program to program—there is no need to save the document to a storage device and then import it into the software.
How to implement e-invoices
The speed and ease of implementing e-invoices in a company depend on several factors.
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- Whether the system used by the company to issue and process invoices is capable of preparing and handling e-invoices in the format required in Latvia (PEPPOL BIS 3.0);
- How many employees are involved in issuing and processing invoices;
- The number of business partners and their ability to issue or process e-invoices.
The e-invoice implementation process varies by company, but we suggest following these steps and adapting them to your specific needs.
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- Identify which employees are involved in the invoicing process and handle incoming and outgoing invoices. Employees are a cornerstone of e-invoice implementation; they must understand the nature of e-invoices and learn how to work with them;
- Identify business partners capable of sending and receiving e-invoices. If a company issues e-invoices but the partner cannot process them, the benefits of implementation are lost. To maximize the value of e-invoicing, both parties must be able to issue and process them. You should also ensure that product and service classifiers and other data are compatible between both parties;
- Evaluate the most appropriate delivery channels for sending and receiving e-invoices: e-address, email, or an e-invoice exchange system. It is important to agree with each business partner on the most convenient delivery channel;
- Enable and use the functionality in your accounting or other system that supports sending and receiving e-invoices. More information on sending and receiving e-invoices in the Jumis system is available here;
- Create and execute an e-invoice implementation plan.
If your accounting system does not offer the ability to send and receive e-invoices, we recommend choosing the Jumis system or integrating e-invoicing into your current software using our developer code library.
Who can use it
Using e-invoices simplifies the work of both accounting and inventory staff. The time and resources saved by using e-invoices are significant.
When a warehouse receives an invoice with dozens of line items, manual entry takes at least 10 minutes, whereas automatic e-invoice processing takes less than a minute. Furthermore, and importantly, the risk of transcription errors is minimized.